Method of making hollow glassware



l v Jume 25, 1940. c. B. GARwoob .mdf

i .H if

1NVENToR BY I TTORN'EYS.

Patented.June'.25,;y

Charles B. Garwood, Linthicum; Heights, Md., 1ussignor to Carr-Lowrey.Glass Co., Baltimore,

Application May 19, 1938," Serial No. 208,901

4 Claims.

This'invention relates to a method of producing hollow glassware.

An object of the invention is to eliminate much of the apparatusheretofore found essential, it

5 being possible, by means of the present method," to produce glassbottles or other containers without the use of parison molds or neckrings and 'without the necessity of transferring a parison from one moldto another.

formed with projecting portions or any desired ornamentation whereverfound to be advantageous upon the body of the container.

With the foregoing and other lobjects in view which will appear. as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in certain new and novelsteps of the method as hereinafter described,

- it' being understood that changes may be made without departing fromthe scope of the invention as claimed.

In the accompanying drawings the several steps performed in carrying outthe method of making a glass container, have been illustrated.

o5 In said drawings f Figure l vis a section through a finishing mol.which is the only mold used in the formation of hollow glassware by thepresent method, a portion of the corkage plug or neck pin being shown inposition anda gob of glass also being shown after it has been droppedinto the open mold.

' Figure 2 is a section through the mold and the plunger therein,illustrating the second step 9 of the method whereina plunger isdirected into the mold cavity so as to spread the glass upwardlytherearound.

, Figure 3 is a section through the mold illustrating the third step ofthe method wherein the also beused as a movable baie, said plunger beingshown after it has moved a short distance upwardly from its lower limitfollowing the extrusion of the glass upwardly `about the combinedplunger and baille. 5 Figure 8 is av section similar to Figure '7showing the plunger baille raised to the yupper limit of its movement atthe completion of the formatio'nof the-container. A further object istoprovidea method where-"- by the glass container produced thereby can vbe'In carrying-out the method constituting thelo 4present 'invention asingleY finishing mold l is inclusive, opposed recesses 3 can beprovidedin 40 plunger is withdrawn from the mold, leaving the glass with acavity the proportions of which e, illustrating the following step ofthe meth- 5o' od wherein lthe baille is caused 'to recede while left bythe withdrawn corkage plug or neck pin.

. Figure 6 is a section through the mold and a air is owing into theglass by way of the cavity portion of the baille, showing thecompletion. of

v55 the method,- the bottle being completely blown and the withdrawnmovable baille. being posi-v tioned on the'bottom of the completedcontainer.

Figure 7 is a section similar to Figure 2 showing the first step of amethod whereby the plm-.iger used for initially -tl1e;'g lass can pluglikewise removed from the mold, the glass the wall of the mold wherebylugs or handles can be produced on the finished container at pointsbetween the bottom and shoulder portion 20 of the container.

The mold l is not used in connection with a neck ring. `Instead the neckfinish is adapted to be produced in the bottom portion of the cavity asindicated att and a corkage plug or neck pin 5 is designed to moveintoand out of this lower portion of the cavity. After the corkage plug 5has been placed in proper position,

`as shown in Figure l, a gobl of glass of proper proportions is droppedinto the cavity 2 as indi- '30 cated at G. Thereafter a plunger t ismoved downwardly into cavity 2 and into the gob of glass, forcingportions of theglass into the lower end 4 of the cavity so as to producethe desired neck finish and also causing portions ofthe glass to fillthe cavities 3 and tov extrude upwardly around the plunger 'untilthetopof the mold is reached. The proportions of the plunger and theamount ofglass deposited in the mold must be such that when the plunger reaches apredetermined depth in cavity 2, the displaced glass will completelylill thespace surrounding the plunger and up to the top of the mold.Thus when the plunger is withdrawn and the corkage will have assumed thepreliminary shapeshown in Figure 3 with a bottom or neck cavity a and atop or main cavity b. l

Following the withdrawal of the plunger 6,' a movable baille 'l isdirected into cavity b. This baille can be made hollow with smallapertures l in its lower end and said lower vend can be shaped toproduce the desired contour of the bottom of the bottle. 1

.Whereasplunger 6 is preferably slightly ta.- pered toward. its lowerend'so as. to be quickly disengaged fromfthe glass surrounding it whenthe plunger is moved upwardly, the baie l is preferablycylindrical so asto be slightly spaced n annularly from the initially formed glass in themold. y

Following the positioning of the baii'ie in the cavity b as shownin-Figure 4, compressed air may be introduced into the neck portion fromwhich the corkage plug or neck pin has been removed or retracted. Thisair sweeps the hot glass ahead of it and out of the neck, the bubble ofair following the line of least resistance. If no baille were employedin the mold, the compressed blowing air would break through the plasticglass above the neck portion of the article being formed. The baffle hasbeen provided to overcome'this `objectionable feature and it also servesas a means for determining the thickness of the bottom ofthe finished.bottle in the center. As theglass is subjected to pressure from the air,it is forced from the neck and shoulder portion of the mold into contactwith the receding baille or this contact can be effected by vacuum.'I'his is shown in Figure 5. As the ment, the vglass first to contactwith the baille Vat the bottom thereof follows the receding baffle toits raised position. The remaining hot glass which did not come intocontact with the baille will iiow upwardly and spread out evenly overthe originally pressed side wall of cavity b until the formation of thebaille. is completed, as shown in Figure 6, it being noted that the endof the baffle and the follower ring 9 cooperate to shape the bottom ofthe bottle. Following the completion of the operation as` shown inFigure 6, the mold I- is opened and the finished bottle removed. n

By providing the openings in the end` of the tubular baille asvindicated at 8, air is free to escape from between said baille and thesurface of the cavity b. These openings are also used where suction isemployed to bring the glass into contact with the end of the baffle. Anadditional vent may be employed as shown at lil for the fiow of airfromaround the baiiie.

Instead of using-both a plunger and a baille, v

as shown in Figures 2 to 6 inclusive, the plunger can be employed as thebaille as shown in Figures 'l and 8. Under these conditions the cavity cis formed in the glass'4 G by the plunger Il as heretofore explained andas said plunger is withdrawn toward the position shown in Figure 8, theair flowing under pressure into the neck portion of the mold will causethe. glass to fiow upwardly and spread as already explained, the

follower ring l2 cooperating with the lower end the walls will be ofuniforml thickness and,l conlsequently, can be more easily annealed thanwhere they are of varying thickness.

By following the herein described method, the inside contour of thecontainer need not be the same as that of the outside contour and, as

a result of the initial pressing operation used in carrying out thismethod, it is possible to produce solid glass lugs. protecting rings andthe like on bodies and to produce a sharpness oi' lettering orornamentation not heretofore possible by any of the methods ofproduction used.

By means of this method thespeed of production can be greatly increasedbecause the glass is pressed into contact with the mold and the heattransfer is started as soon as the gob is placed in the mold.

Obviously the plunger, corkage plug and baille `can be of any desiredshape or design for the purpose of producing results not possibleherebaflie recedes toward the upper limit of its move-"kof the finishedarticle andv shape the external surfaces of the glassware, and thenretracting said eiementand blowing the gob simultaneously in thedirection in which said element isv moving thereby to form a completedarticle with walls of substantially predetermined thickness.

2. The method of producing a blank and a completed article of hollowglassware by successive operations in a single mold which includes thestep of vforming chilled neck and wall portions by pressing a gob ofglass in the mold t0 spread portions thereof over the walls of the moldand form a recess in the glass, the size of said recess determining thecapacity of the completed article, then maintaining a portion of theglass in contactwith a baille in' the recess, thereby to chill saidportion and shape the bottom of the glassware, and then causing theglass-engaged surfacev of the baille to recede from its recess while airunder pressure is being directed into glass at the other end of themold, thereby to spread over the chilled wall portions of the glasswarethe glass remaining unchilled in the mold.v

3.- 'I'he method of producing a blank anda finished article of hollowglassware by successive operations ina single mold which includes the gstep of forcing an element into a gob of glass insaid mold .therebyextrudlng portions of the gob about the element and over the surface oi!the mold to shape and chill those portions of the glass contacting withthe mold and forming a recess in the gob the size of which determinesthe capacity of the finished article, and then blowing the gob' andwithdrawing said element simultane'ously and in the same direction tocomplete the formation of the glassware.

4. The method of producing a blank and a finished article of hollowglassware by successive operations in a single mold which includes vthestep of depositing a gob of glass in the mold,"

and subsequently forcing a baille into and withdrawing it from the glassthereby to compress the glass in the mold and form a recess the size ofwhich determines the capacity of the article when completed, anddirecting air into the glass during the withdrawal of the bafiie tocomplete .the article, said baule constituting means for closing themold until the blowing of the article is completed.

` CHARLES B. GARWOOD.

